Most of us, given only one attribute of God to bank on would choose…..righteousness? Probably not, but
19Now we know that whatever the Law says,
it speaks to those who are under the Law, that every mouth may be closed, and all the world may become accountable to God;20because by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified in His sight;
for through the Law comes the knowledge of sin.
21But now apart from the Law
the righteousness of God has been manifested,
being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets,
22even the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe;
for there is no distinction;
23for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,
24being justified
as a gift
by His grace
through the redemption
which is in Christ Jesus;
25whom God displayed publicly
as a propitiation in His blood
through faith.
This was to demonstrate His righteousness,
because in the forbearance of God He passed over the sins previously committed;
26for the demonstration, I say,
of His righteousness at the present time,
that He might be just and the justifier
of the one who has faith in Jesus. Romans 3:19-26
This passage takes two studies. These verses launched Augustine’s and Luther’s reforms. Its impact on Christians through the centuries fills hundreds of books.
Germans invent handy words like “salvation history” and Paul scrutinizes our salvation history here.
First, the God of Heaven demanded righteousness by His Law revealed by Moses. But God knew the Law could, at best, only show us our bent to sinning. So God held His judgement against us for all our sin until we saw His righteousness in Jesus. God proved He always does what is right from His end. He is just, always, but He also, in Jesus, became our Justifier. How? Look at Jesus.
This huge thought requires two Bible studies. Augustine’s rich life was ripped asunder by these words. Martin Luther felt a burning coal burn him clean for the first time ever. Leon Morris thinks it’s the most important paragraph in print.
Remember, verses 1:16-17 frame Paul’s theme: “…the gospel …is the power of God for the salvation of everyone who believes: first for the Jew, then the Gentile. For in the gospel a righteousness from God is being revealed, a righteousness that is by faith from first to last, just as it is written: ‘The righteous will live by faith.’”
Learn from the grammar. Paul in verse 1:17 wrote “God’s righteousness is being revealed.” He then sketched four conversations whereby God speaks to us: creation, and then a sense of law, (for Jews through Ten Commandments). God speaks in morality, and lastly He speaks in our conscience! Paul now sums their worth in verse 20 of this chapter.
20because by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified in His sight;
for through the Law comes the knowledge of sin.
The best the law gives is a certainty: we are failing. The law says we all break God’s precepts. The Old Testament makes a ringing point: we all fail the covenant or the Law, our end of the bargain with God!
To which Paul yells, “Hallelujah. By God’s grace I see it!” Odd ‘til we see why.
If you are honest, the best you can hope to accomplish by being moral, law-abiding, ethical, religious, and fearing God is to know all of those are not enough. None changes me. None give me an ounce of strength. Paul insists that beginning in Christ starts only if we admit we came to the end of ourselves. Rebirth only happens if I am honest about my death stench. Coming alive only happens if I say, “I fail on my own. I fail at being a husband, student, father, pastor, son, teacher — whatever — on my own.
You may have a problem with this passage, which is why a drunk in AA is ahead of us when she admits she reached the end of herself. Evangelicals sit at the end of services to see who needs to profess Christ. They all came to the end of themselves, once and “got baptized” or “joined a church”. But they then wonder where is the adventure promised in scripture? We forget. We must return to the power in these words, over and over. Once is not enough. New failings find us. Each self-effort without Christ is still refuse.
Robert Markus in The End of Ancient Christianity pushes me to see a difference in life in Christ and cultural religion. His Spanish priests working with Native Americans in the sixteenth century, saw a difference between adhesion and conversion. They saw Native Americans come to a mission, take communion, wear a cross, and even confess sins, but these things made no difference in their lives. They adhered to Christianity for a while, then returned to their culture. Others converted to Christ. They wrestled with each part of life. “Lord, what must die in this part of my life, and how can it come alive in Jesus? Not “How do I convert this?” But, “How will YOU, God, convert this?”
If verse 20 is not real in you—
If you do not reach the end of yourself —
If 3:23 is not working in areas of your life like finances, friends, fun-when-no-one’s-looking, then how can we believe conversion got started in you? As Spanish priests noted: are you adhering only? Did you adhere by adopting catch phrases, Sunday attendance, but no difference in business? Are you like this student?
A prep school teacher asked, “Who is the most influential important person who ever lived? Make your case and I pay $20! A French student said: “Napoleon” and built his case. A Russian: “Alexander the Great”. A Brit: “Queen Elizabeth I!” Then a Jew said, “Jesus”. Startled, everyone asked, “Why not Moses?” The student replied, “Moses is Moses. Business is business.” Adhesion, is more like a post-it than sutures you can’t pull out! Are you adhering, or are you being converted, piece by friendship, area by tenet by hour, by day?
May I point to two words in verse 21? “But Now.”
Paul reached the end of himself. He knew he was a gonner, hopelessly stuck, and hideous in self-righteousness. Less than the end of you is adhering to Jesus and falling short of converting. Some focus on a moment, the manner, or the words to profess Christ, when we should be caught up in continual conversion. “But now” I move to see what Christ is converting in me today! But now, what area of me is God pointing to for conversion: my waistline, intake, checkbook, plastic, cellular, junk accrual, lack of relationships that are healing anyone else? Paul shouts, “But NOW!”
Paul points out his areas of failure to shout “But NOW!” He beckons us if we substituted church-bound adhesion for conversion to reach the end of ourselves (again) to shout “But NOW!”
Can you conceive how radical this passage is? It makes me dizzy.
21But now apart from the Law
the righteousness of God has been manifested,
being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets,
22even the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe;
To grasp this fully we need more grammar. We studied 1:17: “For in the gospel a righteousness from God is being revealed, a righteousness that is by faith from first to last?”
A “righteousness is being revealed” says God does a new thing in Christ. How wonderful, and world changing, but unfinished! In 3:21 Paul takes an astounding leap. He completes God’s grammar of grace. “BUT NOW, apart from the Law, God’s righteousness has been manifested.”
Both 1:17 and 3:21 say this “righteousness from God” is in Christ. Both say God’s Good News fulfills the Old Testament. It’s not God’s afterthought. The two verses differ in their tenses. 1:17 is present tense. Verse 3:21 is perfect tense. 1:17 says as we share Christ’s death, burial, and resurrection; God opens a new frontier where we got it right. 3:21 says God’s righteousness was in place, it was already being manifested as far back as the Law and prophets.
Do you sense what it means? Has the Gospel’s power stung you awake? While Israelites partied and cast a golden calf, God revealed His Law to Moses up in a cloud on the mountain — ANYWAY! God was keeping His end of the bargain. As ten spies said “We are grasshoppers in their eyes!” God was raising Joshua and Caleb to take the land ANYWAY. God’s righteousness was already in place. Not our righteousness. His righteousness from His end of the bargain.
Perfect tense. Perfect tense means God’s long time actions came complete in Jesus. God did not become gracious after the Old Testament. Perfect tense means His rightness was being completed long before He put Jesus in a manger. “God has manifested” says that from first to last, God’s righteousness drove Him. God always did what He knew was right. He did all that was right by His own perfect standard.
The perfect (completed) tense says before everyone gave King Saul high approval ratings, God was already raising up a shepherd boy anyway, to create the nation. God’s righteousness was already in place. Not ours. His.
God’s perfect or completed action says as kings made sick decisions, and stupid alliances, God kept sending prophets to explain coming trials, and raising Babylonian and Persian kings, to care for His remnant anyway!
How radical is this? As (they were) and we are failing— While we set ourselves up to sin God is not only not abandoning us, but is prepping us to have a fighting chance, so when we reach to Jesus, we make it.
Again: His rightness has always reached to us. As Jews refused to obey, He nurtured a remnant. As Jews rebelled, He parked prophets to continue conversing. God’s rightness makes Him consistent. As He reaches to us, and we drop our end of the relationship, He must deal righteously with us. God cannot NOT do the right thing. So physical laws are consistent, moral truths are consistent, and God is the same yesterday, today, and tomorrow. So God continually loves, SO He continually offers us grace: as it is right for HIM to do so. Righteousness is the well spring of grace, not the other way around.
22even the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe;
for there is no distinction;
Why does righteousness come to us through faith, and not through what we do? Think. Imagine you are married and your spouse lies dying. A doctor says you must ascend a volcano to bring back a liquid found in a vent. No one has ever scaled the volcano to return alive. The whole time you are to climb the volcano, your situation’s hopelessness will hobble your every step. Your husband receives nothing unless you complete the trip, and bring back the liquid. No one, some stronger than you, has ascended to return alive.
But say your doctor has made this trip many times. What if she goes with you? What if she brings energy bars, and carries your breathing apparatus for in the caldera? What if friends await up in a hut with clothes to protect you from the cold and then the heat? Do you have a better chance? Do you trust her? This is righteousness by faith. When you trust God has gone ahead of you, goes with you, carries you, clothes you, energizes you, and comforts you: then your faith in Him for these provisions is your righteousness.
So righteousness is through faith, by means of faith. God’s rightness comes off a cross and into me. God knows I cannot complete a righteous act. SO God does the only Right thing. Like our doctor, He says, “Yes, you must walk this road for saving. But I’ve gone ahead of you. I’ve provisioned your way. I have others waiting to help you. And yes, God says, “I’ve provided the faith you need to make this trip! I forgave you, justified you, and make you righteous when you believe I can.”
Now, do you have all the righteousness possible by faith in Christ? Yes, you have all of it before you take that first step up the volcano. How radical is this picture?
How much do we need this righteousness by faith? Read, 3:23 23for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.”
Paul tells us no one enters heaven on good deeds. He makes his point from rabbinic tradition. Two things made Adam beautiful according to rabbis. He had God’s image inside, and on his face, since he walked daily in the garden with God. Adam lost both when kicked from the garden.
Rabbis point to God’s glory coming down at more times: in a pillar of fire and cloud, and on Moses’ face after receiving the commandments! Moses saw only God’s trailing glory, and still no one could stand to look at his face. They begged him to wear a veil. The glory on his face faded in time, but oh, how glorious it was, to tell by someone’s face that he had been with God!
Paul tells rabbis (and us) Jesus, as the second Adam, restores us to an impossible possibility, (Barth). We, who with unveiled faces all reflect the Lord’s glory, are being transformed into His likeness with ever-increasing glory, which comes from the Lord, who is the Spirit 2 Corinthians 3:18. I’ve seen His glory on faces.
I can hardly watch the faces of some couples as they marry. If they waited for each other in Christ, as God comes over them and they finally belong to each other…it is too much. I see glory on their faces. Some who come to Christ, especially those for whom it costs so much to come, it is hard to look on the glory on their faces. When Christ shines through your face and words, you are hard to watch. You are too beautiful. Remember Stephen? Paul saw him die. He told Luke Stephen looked into heaven and saw Christ!” Stephen’s face, Acts 7:55 haunted Paul all the days of his life. Glory on it.
Paul saw it. Paul loved it and lived for it. God says “I put it back right for you. I breathe My Glory into you so others can see. Why?
“Just to see you run.”
In the movie, Chariots of Fire, Eric Lydell tries doing the right thing and makes a huge mess. His final is scheduled on a Sunday, and his faith keeps him from racing on a Sunday. Everyone is angry with him. Lord Lindsey enters the meeting to offer Lydell his place in the 400 meters final. All are shocked, but want to take the offer and escape the imbroglio. Lydell rises to ask “Why”, but Lindsey keeps him from rising and says, “Just to see you run!”
God’s righteousness has come to you, so that unencumbered by your past, He sees you run!
The wellspring of God’s grace is His righteousness, not vice versa!